Introduction

The spectacular successes of the Human genome project and ensuing technological advancements have caused a radical transformation of the biological and medical sciences. This transformation manifests as a shift toward a more holistic approach to biology and the emergence of Systems Biology as a formal scientific discipline. Systems Biology strives to achieve a quantitative and predictive understanding of biological systems by integrating techniques and methods from traditionally disconnected fields. This enables novel research strategies that offer concrete chances for the advancement of science and technology. National and international industrial and academic stakeholders have recognized Systems Biology internationally as a key theme in 21st century bioscience. As such, the development of the field in Canada will benefit researchers, industries and the general public by advancing science and technology areas important for the Canadian economy and the health and well being of Canadians.

In this report , we provide an overview of Systems Biology, its potential socio-economic impact and the existing strengths that give Canada a unique opportunity to become a key contributor to innovation and development in this field. We also discuss the challenges facing Systems Biology in Canada and make recommendations on how address them. These recommendations are compatible with measures implemented in most other industrialized nations.

In brief, past investments in genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics have provided the technological capacity needed for Systems Biology to flourish in Canada. However, this capacity and opportunity is at risk of not being used optimally without investing in Systems Biology research and education. To ensure that Canadian industries remain competitive internationally and that Canadians continue to reap the socio-economic benefits of an internationally competitive biomedical research enterprise, Canada should make a dedicated and substantial long-term investment to nurture and develop a far-reaching and comprehensive Systems Biology research environment.